International Journal of Civil Engineering Applications Research

Capacity Analysis of Existing National Highway Network between Lucknow to UP/Bihar Border (Ghazipur)

2023-05-16T11:18:48+00:00

This Study highlights the concept of traffic capacity analysis along with safe traffic operations in the highways. The Traffic Management system is needed to movement of Men and Material from one place to another place safely, economically and comfortably. The safe and economical movement of people and goods depends upon the effectiveness of Traffic Management System. A significant effort has been made in order to study the traffic assessment for a Greenfield Expressway. For better understanding of present status and estimation of traffic along the proposed Greenfield Expressway, a reconnaissance study was conducted before finalization of traffic survey location along the alternate routes. The development and extension of transportation are intrinsically linked to the progress of the human race, which has occurred in tandem with those developments and expansions. The roadways were never used for anything other than as pedestrian paths. The single most significant step forward in the development of technology related to road transportation was the discovery of the wheel. At first, people and animals were responsible for moving various sized and shaped vessels on wheels. Later on, motors were used instead of humans or animals.

Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Flexible Pavement

2023-06-23T11:08:38+00:00

This study explores the application of finite element analysis to parameter-sensitive analysis. The important performance parameters are investigated by altering the thickness and material characteristics of various layers of flexible pavement using a 2D axisymmetric analysis. Additionally, hypothetical pavement sections are examined in order to determine how sensitive the horizontal axisymmetric extension and mesh refinement are. Following validation, the generated computer programme is utilised to ascertain the impact of a single wheel load on the flexible pavement. The FEA analysis determines critical regions of pavement with maximum shear stress, maximum normal stress, total deformation, and stress intensity flexible pavement. The effect of different pavement layer thicknesses is then analyzed using the response surface method, and the numerical data is determined. The current design processes result in premature pavement breakdown or the construction of unprofitable pavement portions when the direct or indirect empirical approach is used. Applying experience, expert indentation, or a combination of both to the relationship between design inputs and pavement failure is restricted to a certain set of environmental and material variables. A good pavement design delivers the anticipated performance while taking into account the required economic factors, thus in this case it becomes necessary to discover a cost-effective option in the form of an analytical tool that can handle the specifics of the intricate pavement system. Instead of relying solely on CBR values, the use of such improved analytical tools can be advantageous for predicting the performance of pavement without actual construction or even by outperforming the costly and time-consuming laboratory or in situ tests, for various thicknesses and material properties of different component layers. In this regard, there is complete certainty in the use of the flexible finite element method (FEM) for the design of flexible pavement. The use of FEA for two-dimensional plane stress/strain and more rigorous three-dimensional finite element analysis for further extension of work is simple given that FEM is not restricted to two-dimensional axisymmetric conditions. By assuming equal stress states exist in every radial direction, axisymmetric modelling predicts pavement behaviour using a 2D mesh rotating around a symmetric axis; hence, loading is circular.

Investigating Free Vibration and Buckling of Laminated Composites Under Thermal Conditions

2023-11-04T08:37:16+00:00

This research presents a comprehensive methodology for investigating the free vibration and buckling behaviors of laminated composite and sandwich structures under thermal conditions using an ABAQUS-based finite element model (FEA). The study aims to advance the state-of-the-art in composite material analysis through five key objectives: proposing a finite element-based model, conducting free vibration and buckling analyses of laminated composites and sandwiches in plate and beam forms under thermal influence, and assessing the impact of various parameters on frequency and buckling load.The methodology involves four crucial steps: geometry modeling, mesh size determination through a convergence study, and subsequent analysis. A noteworthy achievement is the identification of a 16 × 16 mesh size as optimal for simulating a 10-layered square-shaped angle-ply SSSS laminated composite plate under thermal conditions, ensuring study accuracy.This research not only aligns with existing models but also advances them, enhancing its credibility. It notably emphasizes the role of ply-angle in non-dimensional natural frequency, finding that a 45° ply-angle yields the maximum non-dimensional frequency, regardless of the height-to-side-length ratio (h/a). This discovery holds practical implications for the design and manufacturing of laminated composite materials, especially in thermally challenging environments that may induce buckling or alter vibration behavior.While this research significantly contributes to understanding laminated composites under thermal conditions, it calls for future work. Opportunities include experimental validation, broader analyses encompassing different boundary conditions and thermal loading scenarios, and the exploration of multi-scale modeling approaches.In summary, this research sets a new benchmark in finite element analysis for laminated composites and sandwiches under thermal conditions. Its potential applications span across aerospace, automotive, and civil engineering fields, addressing critical concerns in the behavior of these materials under thermal loads.

Design Simulation of Irregular Shape RC Structure for Progressive Collapse using Non-Linear Analysis

2024-03-26T17:16:44+00:00

In the past few years, the requisite to plan high-rise buildings in reinforced concrete structures due to aggrandize in population, so the structure is designed based on structural reliability theory to assure their safety. Over time, structures undergo unintended acts, both natural and man-made, leading to damage or failure. The "Progressive Collapse Analysis of Building" studies this type of failure. When a vertical load-bearing part is removed due to a man-made or natural hazard, the building's weight is transferred to adjacent columns, causing the failure of adjacent members and ultimately a partial or total breakdown of the structure.
This study analyses five 15-story RC Framed Structure models, one regular framed structure, and four regular framed structures with vertical member removal. Non-liner static analysis is performed using SAP2000.V23, applying load according to GSA guidelines 2003. The building plan has trapezoidal geometry with 7x10 bays in zone V. The study considers demand capacity value, maximum base-shears v/s displacement, and hinge formation. The building has a high potential for progressive collapse, and the structure behavior for this collapse is compared in parametric studies. comparison of demand capacity value, Base shear vs Maximum Storey Displacements. This study aims to minimize failure due to external forces on a structure through analysis and design simulation, preventing minimal loss of life and structure.